小编的话
From Editor
特殊时期
疫情当下
天体人响应党的号召
回应人民关切
围绕中国传统武术主题
为世界各国人民
提供战”疫“的中国智慧
今天推出第一期
八卦掌
In the special time,
faced with outbreak of the COVID-201 Epidemic
in response to call of CPC and people's concern
TJUSers introduce Chinese wisdom
with Chinese Wushu
to the international community
for the battle against the COVID-2019
Today’s new
Eight Trigrams Palm
八卦掌
Eight Trigrams Palm
八卦掌，是以八卦学说为理论基础，以绕圆走转为基本运动形式，注重掌法变化和应用的一个拳种。由于它运动时纵横交错，分为四正四隅八个方位，与“周易”八卦图中的卦象相似，故名八卦掌。
Eight Trigrams Palm (Baguazhuang), based on the theory of Eight Trigrams, refers to a kind of martial arts that consist of paces and turns as basic moves with a focus on the changes and employment of palms. Due to its crisscross movement in eight directions, the Palm is similar to the eight diagrams of “Zhouyi” (also known as Classic of Changes or Book of Changes). It got the name of Eight Diagrams Palm.
八卦掌主要有“游身八卦掌”“龙形八卦掌”“阴阳八卦掌”“阴阳八盘掌”等。它以八种基本掌法为基础，谓“八母掌”或“八式掌”，每式8手，生化为64式；以蹚泥步为主要行步，沿弧形或圆形走转，身法讲究拧旋翻转，圆活不滞；主要手法有搬、拦、截、扣、推、托、带、领、捉、拿、勾、打、封、闭、闪、展等；腿法以“暗腿”为主，还有点、踹、踢等明腿。其运动特点是：身捷步灵，势势相连，行步平稳，摆扣清楚，纵横交错，协调圆活，劲力沉实，刚柔相间。
The Eight Diagrams Palm mainly includes Walking Palm, Dragon-style Palm, Yinyang Palm and Yinyang Eight Tray Palm. It is based on the eight postures, which is composed of Bamuzhang (literally Eight Female Palm) or Bashizhang (literally Eight Pattern Palm). Each posture consists of eight moves, forming into 64 shifts. Taking Tangnibu (literally Mud Wading Step) as an example, the master walks along an arc or a circle, emphasizing on twisting and turning without any stagnation. The main hand techniques are moving, hindering, blocking, cutting, pushing, supporting, taking, leading, catching, holding, hooking, beating, sealing, closing, flashing and stretching. The leg techniques are mainly Antui (literally hidden leg), with some Mingtui (literally open leg) like pointing, kicking and punting. Its movement is characterized by nimbleness, connectiveness, smoothness, clearness, coordination, firmness, strength and softness.
历史情况
History
八卦掌为清代河北文安朱家务村董海川(约1813—1882)所创。大约1866年，董海川在北京肃王府传出八卦掌法后，很快盛传京津冀，并不断传播各地。八卦掌的技术和理论体系也随之迅速发展。
In Qing Dynasty (1644-1912), Eight Trigrams Palm was created by Dong Haichuan (1813—1882) in Zhujiawu Village, Wen'an, China’s northern Hebei province. Around 1866, Dong Haichuan taught Eight Trigrams Palm in Beijing’s Courtyard of Suwang (an aristocrat in ancient China), then the Palm was quickly spread to Beijing, Tianjin, its neighboring Hebei Province and even nationwide. The technique and theoretical system of the Palm was thus established and developed.
掌法特点
Features
1.三形三势
Three forms and three potentials
“三形”，即“行走如龙，动转若猴，换势似鹰”；“三势”，即“步如蹚泥，手如拧绳，转如磨磨”。
“Three forms” consists of walking like a dragon, moving like a monkey, changing like an eagle. The “three potentials” means walking like wading through mud, holding hands like twisting ropes and turning like grinding.
2.三空三扣
“三空”指手心涵空，脚心涵空，胸心涵空；“三扣”指两肩要扣，手心脚心要扣，牙齿要扣。
Three voids and three clasps
“Three voids” refer to the hollow palms, hollow soles and hollow chests. “Three clasps” refer to clasping the shoulders, teeth, and palms and soles.
3.三圆三顶
“三圆”是脊背须团圆，两膀须抱圆，虎口须张圆；“三顶”是“舌顶颚，头顶天，掌顶前”。
Three circles and three supports
“Three circles” means roundness of the back, arms and the part between thumb and index finger. The “three supports” consists of supporting tongue to the palate, head to the sky, and palm to the front.
4.四坠四敏
“四坠”是肩坠腰，腰坠胯，胯坠膝，膝坠脚；“四敏”是眼敏，手敏，身敏，步敏。
Four drops and four sensitiveness
“Four drops” refer to dropping shoulder to the waist, waist to hip, hip to knee and knee to foot. The “four sensitiveness” are sensitivity of eyes, hands, body and steps.
5.十要三病
“十要”是一要有意，二要有气，三要有顶，四要有塌，五要有提，六要有裹，七要有垂，八要有掤，九要有松，十要有顺；“三病”是努气、拙力、腆胸。
Ten essentials and three diseases
“Ten essentials” means one must have intention, spirit, braveness, collapse, holding, wrapping, drooping, supporting, looseness, and compliance. The “three diseases” are hard-working, clumsiness and a straighten-up chest.
传承与发展
Inheritance
八卦掌是中国武术中的优秀拳种之一，被列为中国武术协会和国际武联规定竞赛项目，被国家体育总局和中华全国体育总会列入《武术段位制推广十年规划》向全世界进行普及推广。2008年6月，八卦掌经国务院批准列入第二批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。
Eight Trigrams Palm is one of the outstanding boxing types in Chinese martial arts. It is listed as a competition item stipulated by the Chinese Wushu Association and International Wushu Federation, which is included in the 10-year Plan for Promotion of Martial Arts Grading by the General Administration of Sport of China and All-China Sports Federation. It is now being popularized worldwide. In June 2008, Eight Trigrams Palm was included in the second batch of National Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) list with the approval of the State Council.
作者
郝大伟，天津体育学院体育文化学院武术教研室主任，硕士，副教授，国家级运动健将，中国武术六段，武术套路、健身气功国家一级裁判，研究方向为武术教学与训练。
马志儒，天津体育学院办公室（外事办）留学生辅导员。曾为2017年金砖国家卫生部长论坛、2018年首届上海合作组织媒体峰会提供翻译服务。
邸世晶，天津体育学院体育文化学院辅导员，助教，硕士。
展示学生 | 苗卓越
照片拍摄 | 刘煜坤、李雅婷
视频制作 | 李雅婷
供稿 | 体育文化学院、外事办公室
